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Job Strain as a Risk Factor for Type 2 Diabetes : A Pooled Analysis of 124,808 Men and Women

Theorell, Töres (author)
Karolinska Institutet,Stockholms universitet,Stressforskningsinstitutet
Fransson, Eleonor I (author)
Stockholms universitet,Jönköping University,HHJ, Avdelningen för naturvetenskap och biomedicin,HHJ. ADULT,Stressforskningsinstitutet,Karolinska Institutet, Sweden; Jönköping University, Sweden
Heikkila, Katriina (author)
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Tampere, and Turku, Finland
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Ahola, Kirsi (author)
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Tampere, and Turku, Finland
Alfredsson, Lars (author)
Karolinska Institutet
Bjorner, Jakob B. (author)
National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
Borritz, Marianne (author)
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
Burr, Hermann (author)
Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Berlin, Germany
Dragano, Nico (author)
Institute for Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
Goldberg, Marcel (author)
Versailles-Saint Quentin University, Versailles, France,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
Hamer, Mark (author)
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
Westerholm, Peter J. M. (author)
Uppsala universitet,Arbets- och miljömedicin
Knutsson, Anders (author)
Mittuniversitetet,Avdelningen för hälsovetenskap
Koskenvuo, Markku (author)
Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Koskinen, Aki (author)
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Tampere, and Turku, Finland,School of Sociology, Social Policy and Social Work, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
Kouvonen, Anne (author)
Leineweber, Constanze (author)
Stockholms universitet,Stressforskningsinstitutet
Madsen, Ida E. H. (author)
National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
Magnusson Hanson, Linda L. (author)
Stockholms universitet,Stressforskningsinstitutet
Marmot, Michael G. (author)
Nielsen, Martin L. (author)
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
Nordin, Maria (author)
Umeå universitet,Institutionen för psykologi,Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
Oksanen, Tuula (author)
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Tampere, and Turku, Finland
Pejtersen, Jan H. (author)
Danish National Centre for Social Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
Pentti, Jaana (author)
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Tampere, and Turku, Finland
Rugulies, Reiner (author)
National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
Salo, Paula (author)
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Tampere, and Turku, Finland
Siegrist, Johannes (author)
Institute for Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
Steptoe, Andrew (author)
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
Suominen, Sakari (author)
Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
Theorell, Tores (author)
Vaananen, Ari (author)
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Tampere, and Turku, Finland
Vahtera, Jussi (author)
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Tampere, and Turku, Finland
Virtanen, Marianna (author)
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Tampere, and Turku, Finland
Westerholm, Peter J. M. (author)
Westerlund, Hugo (author)
Karolinska Institutet,Stockholms universitet,Stressforskningsinstitutet
Zins, Marie (author)
Versailles-Saint Quentin University, Versailles, France
Batty, G. David (author)
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
Brunner, Eric J. (author)
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
Ferrie, Jane E. (author)
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
Singh-Manoux, Archana (author)
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
Kivimaki, Mika (author)
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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 (creator_code:org_t)
2014-07-12
2014
English.
In: Diabetes Care. - : American Diabetes Association. - 0149-5992 .- 1935-5548. ; 37:8, s. 2268-2275
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract Subject headings
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  • OBJECTIVE The status of psychosocial stress at work as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes is unclear because existing evidence is based on small studies and is subject to confounding by lifestyle factors, such as obesity and physical inactivity. This collaborative study examined whether stress at work, defined as "job strain," is associated with incident type 2 diabetes independent of lifestyle factors. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We extracted individual-level data for 124,808 diabetes-free adults from 13 European cohort studies participating in the IPD-Work Consortium. We measured job strain with baseline questionnaires. Incident type 2 diabetes at follow-up was ascertained using national health registers, clinical screening, and self-reports. We analyzed data for each study using Cox regression and pooled the study-specific estimates in fixed-effect meta-analyses. RESULTS There were 3,703 cases of incident diabetes during a mean follow-up of 10.3 years. After adjustment for age, sex, and socioeconomic status (SES), the hazard ratio (HR) for job strain compared with no job strain was 1.15 (95% CI 1.06-1.25) with no difference between men and women (1.19 [1.06-1.34] and 1.13 [1.00-1.28], respectively). In stratified analyses, job strain was associated with an increased risk of diabetes among those with healthy and unhealthy lifestyle habits. In a multivariable model adjusted for age, sex, SES, and lifestyle habits, the HR was 1.11 (1.00-1.23). CONCLUSIONS Findings from a large pan-European dataset suggest that job strain is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes in men and women independent of lifestyle factors.

Subject headings

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Hälsovetenskap -- Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Health Sciences -- Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (hsv//eng)
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin -- Endokrinologi och diabetes (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine -- Endocrinology and Diabetes (hsv//eng)

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